Valley Splitting in low-density quantum-confined heterostructures studied using tight-binding models

Timothy B. Boykin,1 Gerhard Klimeck,2,5 Mark Friesen,3,4 S. N. Coppersmith,3 Paul von Allmen,2 Fabiano Oyafuso,2 and Seungwon Lee2 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA 2Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Road, MS 169-315, Pasadena, California 91109, USA 3Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA 4Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA 5Network for Computational Nanotechnology, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA (Received 22 January 2004; revised manuscript received 6 May 2004; published 29 October 2004)